LASIK Surgery Essays - Eye Surgery, LASIK, Vision, Refraction

LASIK surgery Seeing well without contact lenses and glasses is the dream of millions of Americans and modern medical science has enabled that dream to come true (Caster, 8). Since first grade, Dede Head, a 30-year-old fitness trainer in North Carolina, has worn glasses to correct sever nearsightedness and astigmatism. Over the years she became accustomed to wearing glasses and contacts, but this has limited many important aspects of her life, including sports. She then heard of a laser eye surgery that ?supposedly?, helped to correct a person's vision by means of lasers. She immediately signed up for the procedure and ever since that day, she has not worn glasses or contacts. Dede is just one of the eight hundred-fifty-thousand people who have undergone a procedure by the name of LASIK or Laser In-Situ Keratomileusis. If surgical procedures were movies, LASIK would be this years box office smash as it has received much media coverage and many praises; however, not that many people know what LASIK is, what the advantages and disadvantages are, and most importantly if LASIK is right for them (Buratto, 1). LASIK is basically a type of laser surgery which can help correct nearsightedness (myopia), which is the inability to see distant objects, farsightnedness (hyperopia), which is the inability to see close, and astigmatism, the inability to focus light waves evenly. LASIK has grown greatly in the last year, mostly because of 4 reasons; it is fast (procedure takes about 5-10 minutes), safe, painless, and the results are almost always prolific. The eye is just like a camera because it works by focusing light waves that pass through it. Light rays that enter the eye must first pass through the most outer layer of the eye called the cornea. The cornea performs 2/3 of the focusing process, the remainder of is then completed by the crystalline lens which further focuses the light on the retina. This requires extreme precision in that the focused light must fall exactly at the level of the retina (Gallo, 126). The retina is a nerve tissue that carpets the inner surface of the eye, much like wallpaper covers all aspects of a wall. The retina converts the light into electrical signals, which are transmitted to the brain by the optic nerve. Just as a camera cannot produce clear photographs of the image if the incoming light is not focused on the film, we cannot produce a clear vision if the cornea and crystalline lens do not focus the light precisely on the retina. This is where LASIK steps in. A laser is a device that creates a very special kind of light energy that is usually invisible to the human eye (Caster, 16). In LASIK, ophthalmologists use a certain type of laser called the excimer. By using invisible ultraviolet light, the excimer is able to break covalent bonds between molecules. What sets excimer aside from other lasers used in medicine is the wavelength used. At one-hundred ninety-three nm (nanometers), excimer lasers remove tissue by breaking the covalent without creating much thermal energy (Slade, 25). This allows for precise removal of tissue with minimal surrounding tissue damage. The very thin layer of the cornea that is removed, changes the curvature of the cornea ever so slightly, thus then results in a change in the light focusing ability. In nearsightedness (myopia), light rays from distant objects are not focused on the retina, but instead they are focused in front of the retina (See Figure 1). Therefore to correct nearsightedness in a LASIK procedur e, the curvature of the cornea must be decreased or in another words made flatter by removing corneal tissue in a disc-shaped pattern, or from the central cornea. A computer determines the exact pattern and number of pulses that are needed to do this. In farsightedness (hyperopia), light rays from distant objects are focused not onto the retina, but behind it (See Figure 1). To correct this, the central portion of the cornea must be made steeper; and this is accomplished by removing corneal tissue in a donut shaped pattern, or in another words more from the peripheral areas. Eyes with astigmatisms focus light waves unevenly because of the irregular shape of the cornea; football shaped

Free Essays on A Good Man Is Hard To Find

Most authors don’t write their stories with predictability for the reader. They want to keep the reader thinking. If the reader notices that each event that occurs is too predictable, then they begin to lose interest and wonder why they are still reading. They already know what’s going to happen. But Flannery O’Connor uses predictability to her advantage. O’Connor made the characters’ actions and personalities in â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find† as predictable and typical as possible to convey her message that a good man really is hard to find. The character that stands out the most is the grandmother. Her entire personality and actions fit the description of a typical grandmother. She’s no different than all the other grandmothers in the world. She is somewhat the leader of the family, but still gets shrugged off by the rest of the family as someone that doesn’t know what they’re talking about. Her son, daughter-in-law, and grandkids don’t listen to her or even give her the time of day. A great example of this can be found in the beginning of the story. She tried her hardest to change Baileys mind about going to Florida because she wanted to go to Tennessee. She even brought good justification to her argument by saying that going anywhere near The Misfit was a bad idea. â€Å"I wouldn’t take my children in any direction with a criminal like that aloose in it (Pg. 308).† Bailey still didn’t budge. It even took a lot of consideration for Bailey to let his mother see the old ho use when they were well into their trip. Even when he succumbed to her begging he did it in a stubborn, disrespectful manner. And even worse, whenever she insisted that she may have an injury after the accident, no one even acknowledged her. She isn’t even given a name in the story, which is a way of showing that she receives no respect or consideration. These days, most people treat the mother as a burden or a heavy ... Free Essays on A Good Man Is Hard To Find Free Essays on A Good Man Is Hard To Find A Florida trip is very nice to consider when traveling. However, Tennessee was on grandmother’s mind the whole time in Flannery O’ Connor’s â€Å"A Good Man is hard to find.† Maybe if everyone had stuck to her plan, the story would not have happened the way that it did. In the beginning, the family planned on having a nice vacation for Florida. Grandmother insisted on going to Tennessee because of rumors of a misfit escaping and fleeing towards Florida. Bailey was set in his ways and nothing was going to stop them from going to Florida. After this decision, grandmother was worried about everything. She even went to the extent of dressing like a woman so if anyone found her body on the side of the road dead, they would know that she was a lady and her identity. Clothing was very symbolic in this story because the author would describe in specific detail about the characters clothes. Also, at the end of the story when the man came back with Bailey’s shirt on gave a little more symbolic touch to the story. When most people hear the phrase, â€Å"A good man is hard to find,† most people agree that it means exactly what it says. I think that most women will agree with me in that sense. However, before I read this story, I thought that it was going to turn out different than expected. Little did I know what the story was really going to be about and what that phrase really meant. On the way, the family stopped at a restaurant to grab a bite to eat. The grandmother and the owner of this restaurant had a conversation about the misfit who had escaped. The man mentioned, â€Å"These days you just don’t know who t o trust† (311). Grandmother mentioned her part on claiming that a good man is definitely hard to find. She had no clue that later on she would know that personally. Another important symbol that I found in this story was the white house and plantation that grandmother had recalled from her past. â€Å"The house had six ... Free Essays on A Good Man Is Hard To Find The foreshadowing effect in â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find† To foreshadow is to give a hint or a suggestion of a forthcoming event. Flannery O’Connor uses the foreshadowing effect adequately in â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find.† There were many hints and suggestions that something unpleasant was going to happen in this story. The moment the grandmother first speaks of the misfit, we can assume he will show up later in the story because he is headed in the same direction as the family. Close to the ending, when the gunshots are heard from the woods, we can assume that the situation cannot get much worse. The first hint of trouble comes early in the story before the first paragraph ends. The grandmother tries to show Bailey a newspaper article about The Misfit, who has escaped the penitentiary and is headed toward Florida. The grandmother tries to discourage Bailey from taking the family to Florida again by telling him he ought to take the children somewhere else for a change, but he disregards his mother and they go on the trip anyway. The probability that an escaped convict is headed in the same direction as Bailey and his family suggests havoc is coming their way. O’Connor describes how the grandmother is dressed and says, â€Å"In case of an accident, anyone seeing her dead on the highway would know at once that she was a lady†(221). In my opinion, this phrase suggests that the grandmother could be involved in an accident further into the story. Also, the grandmother cautions Bailey about driving too fast, so this makes me think he is speeding; consequently, this could lead to an accident. The family arrives at Red Sammy’s, so they go inside and are seated at a table. Red Sam comes inside and sighs, â€Å"You can’t win† he said, â€Å"You can’t winâ€Å"(224), and then he goes on to say, â€Å"These days you don’t know who to trust.†(224). The grandmother agrees with Sam and seems to invite a conversation on the topic of trus... Free Essays on A Good Man Is Hard To Find From the very beginning, the grandmother in Flannery O’Connor’s â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find† is foreshadowing, in her words and actions, what will become of the family. Hints of the family’s tragic finale exist throughout the plot until the time of the first murder. In the very beginning before the story begins, O’Connor provides the reader with an epigraph. It quotes, â€Å"The Dragon is by the side of the road, watching those who pass. Beware lest he devour you. We go to the farther of souls, but it is necessary to pass by the dragon.† (St. Cyril of Jerusalem). (117) These very first few sentences provide the reader with an overview of the story’s events. The grandmother goes on to further ruin with this trip with just simple her words. In the beginning of the story, the Grandmother tries to change her son’s mind about going to Florida because she wants to go to Tennessee, and that gives us a sign of how persuasive she can be. â€Å"The grandmother didn’t want to go to Florida. She wanted to visit some of her connections in east Tennessee and she was seizing at every chance to change Bailey’s mind†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Now look here, Bailey,† she said, â€Å"see here, read this,† †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†Here this fellow that calls himself The Misfit is aloose from the Federal Pen and headed toward Florida and you read here what it says he did to the people†¦ â€Å"(117) These are a few very good clues on what will happen throughout the story. She compares herself to her daughter-in-law, insinuating that the daughter-in-law is not a lady like her. She judges â€Å"the children’s mother’s† clothes and judges many others who are socially challenged or less fortunate than she is. Note that when she mentions the Misfit criminal who escaped from prison, the â€Å"pickaninny,† and when she mentions the two cents in Red Sammy’s cash register with a tone of irony on her voice. Her attitude changes completely when the family’s car ... Free Essays on A Good Man Is Hard To Find In Flannery O’Connor’s â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find† we get a portrait of a 1950s postwar family who, in the midst of their own naivety, find themselves not only on the road from Atlanta, Georgia to Florida but on the road to the their own demise. The most outstanding character in this story is the grandmother, and since the story is told from the third person omniscient view, it will be easy for us to analyze the grandmother’s character. She connects the other characters together throughout the story with her own selfishness and stupidity, and through a self-realization which becomes the most important moment in the story. As the story opens, the scene is set in the home of a man named Bailey and his family which consists of his mother (the grandmother), his wife and their two children- June Star and John Wesley. Bailey is planning a trip to Florida, but the grandmother would rather go to Tennessee. We see the first sign of the grandmother’s selfishness here when she tries to convince her son, Bailey, to take the family to Tennessee. She does her persuasion through a newspaper article which says that a convict called The Misfit has escaped from the Federal Penitentiary in Florida. She says, â€Å"I wouldn’t take my children in any direction with a criminal like that aloose in it. I couldn’t answer to my conscious if I did.† We will see how this statement becomes the epitome of irony in the next few paragraphs. While the family is on the road to from Atlanta to Florida, the scene changes to a filling station and dance hall called The Tower. While the family is eating Red Sammy’s barbecue sandwiches, the grandmother carries on a very foreshadowing conversation with Red Sam. â€Å"These days you don’t know who to trust,† he said. â€Å"Ain’t that the truth?†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ â€Å"A good man is hard to find.† If the grandmother knows this and makes these assertions, then why does she so naà ¯ve and quick to trust The Mi... Free Essays on A Good Man Is Hard To Find Most authors don’t write their stories with predictability for the reader. They want to keep the reader thinking. If the reader notices that each event that occurs is too predictable, then they begin to lose interest and wonder why they are still reading. They already know what’s going to happen. But Flannery O’Connor uses predictability to her advantage. O’Connor made the characters’ actions and personalities in â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find† as predictable and typical as possible to convey her message that a good man really is hard to find. The character that stands out the most is the grandmother. Her entire personality and actions fit the description of a typical grandmother. She’s no different than all the other grandmothers in the world. She is somewhat the leader of the family, but still gets shrugged off by the rest of the family as someone that doesn’t know what they’re talking about. Her son, daughter-in-law, and grandkids don’t listen to her or even give her the time of day. A great example of this can be found in the beginning of the story. She tried her hardest to change Baileys mind about going to Florida because she wanted to go to Tennessee. She even brought good justification to her argument by saying that going anywhere near The Misfit was a bad idea. â€Å"I wouldn’t take my children in any direction with a criminal like that aloose in it (Pg. 308).† Bailey still didn’t budge. It even took a lot of consideration for Bailey to let his mother se e the old house when they were well into their trip. Even when he succumbed to her begging he did it in a stubborn, disrespectful manner. And even worse, whenever she insisted that she may have an injury after the accident, no one even acknowledged her. She isn’t even given a name in the story, which is a way of showing that she receives no respect or consideration. These days, most people treat the mother as a burden or a heavy ... Free Essays on A Good Man is Hard to Find â€Å"A good Man is Hard to Find†, by Flannery O’ Conner was a suspenseful and kept me wanting to read to find out what happens in the end. It had good foreshadowing techniques and O’Connor did a good job of writing the story. She portrayed the beginning as being just a normal road trip and family would take. By reading the whole story, I found out that it backfired on them and it was not a normal road trip anymore. Theme and plot were distinctly viewed and the description of the places and the people put a vivid picture in my head. The setting often changed while traveling from state to state, so there was always changing scenery. While O’ Conner described the grandmother to the readers, I pictured an old women who looked like my grandmother as well. There were many characters that took place in the story to make it more interesting and a better story line. I liked the story the best out of all three because it was well written and kept ]me in total suspense throughout the whole story. The title gave me curiosity and I wanted to find out what the true meaning of the title meant. When she first mentioned The Misfit at the beginning of the story, I knew that in the end he would somehow be apart of their road trip. This story was very well written and I liked it he best.... Free Essays on A Good Man Is Hard To Find In the short story, â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find† the author, Flannery O’Connor, uses excessive amounts of foreshadowing to clue in the reader of what is to come. Some of the foreshadowing she uses helps predict the family is going to run into the Misfit and also that death is clearly evident. Throughout the story the O’ Connor uses strong amount of foreshadowing to clue the reader that they are going to meet up with the Misfit. One example is when the Grandmother reads in the paper that the Misfit has escaped and he is on his way down to Florida. The author wouldn’t have to mention this part if it didn’t have some significance to the story. Another example is the fact that the father is very nervous about the trip and has a bad feeling about the whole thing. What also make this a major clue is the fact that this is stated after the Grandmother mentions the Misfit and his escape. Later on in the story the family makes a pit stop at Red Sammy’s diner. While at the diner Red Sammy talks about how a good man is hard to find. He then brings up the fact that a man in a run down van with two other people in it stopped for gas and he didn’t think that he could trust them. Then Grandmother then once again mentions the Misfit to Red Sammy and Red Sammy says that he wouldn’t be a bit surprised if he did rob the diner. Also in the story, O’Connor uses foreshadowing to help the reader sense that death is clearly evident. The first clue is the fact that the author mentions that the grandmother dressed to nicely, that in case of an accident, anyone seeing her dead on the highway would know at once that she was a lady. Another example is when they are driving along the road they pass the family’s old burial ground from the plantation. As they pass it they see six tombstones. This hints the reader that the family may die because there are six tombstones and there are six members of the family in the car. Another exampl... Free Essays on A Good Man Is Hard To Find The title of my short story was â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find† by Flannery O’Connor. O’ Connor was born on March 25, 1925 in Savannah, Georgia. She moved with family to Milledgeville, Georgia in 1938 where she attended a public school called Peabody High School. O’Connor graduated from Peabody High School in 1942, where she enters Georgia State College for Women. In 1943-1945 O’Connor writes stories and poems for college literary magazine and graduated from Georgia State with an undergraduate degree in English. In 1945 –1947 she entered a writing program at the University of Iowa and earned a Master of Fine Arts degree in creative writing. In 1948-1949 O’Connor lived in New York and Connecticut. She attended Yaddo Artists’ colony near Saratoga Springs, New York, for several months. After an illness in 1950, O’Connor returned to Milledgeville and was diagnosed with lupus, an incurable disease. She lived on her familyâ⠂¬â„¢s dairy farm for the rest of her life. In 1955 â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find† and Other Stories received critical praise. In 1962-1963 O’Connor received an honorary doctorate from Saint Mary’s women’s college of the University of Notre Dame and spoke at a number of colleges in the South about her writing. Flannery O’Connor died on August 3, 1964. â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find† was a wonderful short story. This story is told in a third person point of view. The grandmother is telling the story. She uses she and he in the story often. The setting of the story seems to be in the summer during vacation time. The story took place in a car while going a vacation to Florida. The characters in this story are considered dynamic, flat, and round. The dynamic characters are the grandma, John Wesley, The Misfit, June Star, and Bobby Lee. I chose them as dynamic characters because they tend to change because of the plot of the story. The grandma is considered a dynamic character because she tried her best... Free Essays on A Good Man is Hard to Find My Analysis of Grandma In the story, â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find†, the grandmother, also know as the old lady, has the type of personality I would not like my grandmother to have. The grandmother, who is not named in the story, is very annoying and likes to talk a lot. In the very beginning of the story there is evidence that the grandmother is not very favored by her own son, Bailey. She tries to convince her son that they shouldn’t take the trip to Florida because of murderer who has escaped from prison and because of the children have been there and need to see other places in the world. In addition she just doesn’t want to go to Florida. She would rather go to Tennessee for personal reasons but she doesn’t tell her son that. All the while, she is ignored by him. For the entire time that the grandmother is talking to him, Bailey continues to read his sports paper as if she is not even in the room. Bailey doesn’t respond to her. The only one who acknowledges that she is speaking is Bailey’s son, John Wesley. John Wesley makes a suggestion; â€Å"If you don’t want to go to Florida, why dontcha stay home?† (285) June Star, John Wesley’s’ sister also adds her comments and makes a point that her grandmother would not stay home for fear that she would be missing anything that happens on their trip. This little fact also says that the grandmother has a tendency to be nosy and would always like to be involved in some way. Throughout the whole trip, it seems as thought the grandmother talks the most. She is like a child who has to point out everything that she sees along the way. During the ride she also tells stories that only she I really interested in hearing although John Wesley did happen to find one her stories very funny. In addition to being annoying and talking a lot, the grandmother reminds me of the grandmother in a sitcom on television called â€Å"Everybody Loves Raymond†. The two ar... Free Essays on A Good Man Is Hard To Find A Good Man Is Hard To Find A Good Man is Hard to Find Flannery O’Connor’s A Good Man is Hard to Find is filled with foreshadowing which the first time reader will not grasp, but leaps out of the pages for repeated readers. When first read, A Good Man is Hard to Find, the reader does not value the importance of the grandmother charter and her warning. She is thought to just be a rambling, nagging old lady. Even the grandmother does not realize the importance of what she is saying. The grandmother warns of the misfit in the first paragraph of the novel, â€Å"’Here this fellow calls himself the Misfit is loose from the federal pen and headed toward Florida and you read here what it says he did to these people.†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ The first time reader simply sees this warning as the grandmother trying to persuade her son to change the vacation plans to better suit the grandmother’s wants. Continuing thru the story the first time reader sees the grandmother as a not very smart woman, and s he really is not very smart. She proves this by leading her family on a wild goose chase, looking for a house that is in a completely different state. Later on in the novel while the family is having lunch at a dinner the grandmother returns to the idea of the Misfit. â€Å"’Did you read about the criminal, The Misfit, that’s escaped?’ asked the grandmother.† To the first time reader this seems unusual to return to the thought of The Misfit, he was simply a thought at the beginning, so long ago that the reader had all but forgotten him. O’Connor continues on with the story though, convincing he reader that we probably won’t ever hear the name, Misfit, again. To the first time reader the ending of the novel comes at a complete surprise. Who would have thought that this sweat family could ever die such awful deaths. Who would have thought that the grandmother would’ve been right, and that the family actually would have a run in with The Misfit. When th... Free Essays on A Good Man Is Hard To Find â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find† In Flannery O’Connor’s story â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find†, we follow â€Å"a family of six which, on its way driving to Florida, gets wiped out by an escaped convict who calls himself the Misfit† (O’Connor, Reasonable 325). The incidents and characters throughout the story are aspects of a plot intending to symbolize the spiritual grace passed from one human to another, without regard for kindness or evil. The grandmother is the most prominent and developed character in the story and contains several traits that are typically related to the elder southern woman. Within her family unit she goes mostly unnoticed, â€Å"the parents pay little attention†¦and when they do, they are often quite rude† (Brown). She has many points of view but it seems as though the children are the only ones that respond to her but that doesn’t mean that they respect her. June Star says of her going on the trip â€Å"She has to go everywhere we goà ¢â‚¬  (O’Connor, Good 298). John Wesley says to her â€Å"If you don’t want to go to Florida, why dontcha stay at home?† (298). So what makes her final gesture so important in the story towards The Misfit that makes the reader shed a tear or two for her? In the beginning of the story the grandmother is trying to persuade the family to go on a trip to Tennessee instead of Florida. She is reading an article in the paper about an escaped convict named â€Å"The Misfit†. Without much of an audience to hear her she uses her power of suggestion that â€Å"The Misfit is aloose from the Federal Pen and headed toward Florida† (297) to scare the family into agreeing with her about heading to Tennessee. We find out it does not work but are introduced to the workings of the grandmother in her efforts to be the center of the attention at all times. The character traits of the grandmother are in no way ideal but her ability to try and manipulate every situation does seem to ultimately seal... Free Essays on A Good Man is Hard to Find Last Rites â€Å"Life is pleasant. Death is peaceful. It's the transition that's troublesome.† - Jimi Hendrix. The late rock n roll artist summed up one of the most challenging fears to overcome for all humans, preparation for death. Flannery O’Connor uses this concept to show how it can affect people’s behaviors and attitudes. The story begins with the typical family being challenged by the grandmother who doesn't want to take the vacation to Florida. She has read about a crazed killer by the name of the Misfit who is on the run heading for Florida. Unfortunately, she is ignored by every member of the family except for the little girl, June Star, who can read the grandmother like an open book. The fact that she admonishes Bailey, her son, of this Misfit and "what it says he did to those people†(1277) foreshadows what will happen to them. As readers, we know that O’Connor will not mention such an interesting fact without having it affect the characters later on in the story. In Flannery O’Connor’s â€Å"A Good Man is Hard To Find,† one is struck by the unexpected violence at the end of the story. However, if you re-read the story a second time, you will see various allusions, imagery and language that foreshadow the grotesque ending. Furthermore the author touches upon her belief that most humans are not prepared to die, and reflects that through the character of the grandmother. Kordosky 2 The morning of the trip the grandmother is the first one in the car ready to travel as June Star predicted she would be, "She wouldn’t stay at home for a million bucks. She has to go everywhere we go"(1278). This can be read as a direct foreshadowing of the grandmother’s death. As one reads the story, one wonders why every time Bobby Lee and Hiram take someone into the forest, they never come back. Eventually, the whole family is taken to die. June Star’s comment that the grandmother goes everywhere the family goes can be read...

Everybody Speaks Hamlet

Everybody Speaks Hamlet Everybody Speaks Hamlet Everybody Speaks Hamlet By Maeve Maddox Someone once said that every generation has its favorite Shakespeare play. Hamlet was a favorite with the Victorians. Macbeth enjoyed a great popularity in the first half of the 20th century; Othello in the second half. It seems to me that King Lear may be the play that will come to be associated with the early 21st century. Whatever the general trend, Hamlet is always near the top of Shakespeare favorites. As a result, quite apart from the famous To be or not to be and What a work is man soliloquies, many of the speeches, lines, and phrases have become embedded in our everyday speech. English speakers who have never read the play or seen it acted are likely to use one or more of the following expressions or some form or another: To thine own self be true Though this be madness, yet there is is method in t. The lady doth protest too much, methinks In my minds eye The plays the thing Frailty, thy name is woman! Neither a borrower nor a lender be to the manner born Alas, poor Yorick! Ay, theres the rub Brevity is the soul of wit Conscience does make cowards of us all Dog will have its day Get thee to a nunnery Hoist with his own petard in my heart of hearts It smells to heaven murder most foul Sweets to the sweet Not a mouse stirring something is rotten in the state of Denmark Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Comma After i.e. and e.g.On Behalf Of vs. In Behalf OfThe Difference Between "Shade" and "Shadow"

Edward Burtynsky Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Edward Burtynsky - Essay Example His education shaped the skills that he already possessed as an artist, and helped him develop the techniques of photography that have captivated thousands through his snapshots. Burtynsky’s photography brings the discreet and hidden realities of human development to the public’s eye, and demands an appreciation and evaluation of man’s actions and their effects on nature (Burtynsky, 2009). He has a knack of capturing the most rudimentary and banal sites through his lens, and instilling art and finesse into those pictures (Burtynsky, 2009). His early work consists of the industrial landscape of General Motors plant in his city, which, according to him, evoked the passion for observing nature and capturing industrial development in his photos (Burtynsky, 2009). His exposure of the mining sites, recycling plants, industrial waste depots, and other such crass sites were hugely popular in Canada and elsewhere, so that very soon he became one of Canada’s most famous and respected photographers (Burtynsky, 2009). The highlight of his career and a major turning point was when he won the TED award in 2005 (TED, 2009). This led to the makin g of a documentary, called Manufactured Landscape, on the collection of his works of same title, and his life, in 2007 (TED, 2009). At the award ceremony, Burtynsky made three wishes related to the progress in his work, all of which, due to his immense influence and respect in the artworld, have been fulfilled (TED, 2009). He wished for a website to encourage children to think for their planet; the Meet The Greens website was developed (TED, 2009). He wished he would be able to film on Imax; that is currently in progress (TED, 2009).

Error Handling Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Error Handling - Assignment Example During the execution of a program, an abnormal condition may occur; this is what we call an exception. Examples of exception errors could be dividing a number by a zero, attempting to gain access to an invalid array or even attempting to convert a letter into a number. Therefore, we could term input/output exception as an error that occurs upon the development or existence of a problem with the I/O operation. With Java programming language, we can be able to anticipate the occurrence of an exception and write a code that can be able to handle it (Eriksson et al 2003). Furthermore, one of the most appropriate methods to handle the I/O exception error is by throwing it into a log file. It is important correcting this error so that performance problem ceases to occur. Furthermore, it is much better to use the existent infrastructure so as to avoid the purchase of new infrastructure.Connection Error Connection errors mainly occur due to network problems. A connection error may occur due to the failure of the establishment of the connection to the system's database. Other causative factors could be server errors. Such errors do not have response code simply because the involved server in the system could not return the response code due to no established connection. Consequently, connection error hampers information flow in the activity system. Can, therefore, say that should an application fail to find the location with sufficient stock then this error occurs (Taniar 2010).

How employee engagement has been forgotten by many andor remembered by few Essay Example for Free

How employee engagement has been forgotten by many andor remembered by few Essay How employee engagement has been forgotten by many and/or remembered by few Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It is believed that any company which unlocks the secrets of engaging their employees is likely to get very high profits. However, this has never been the case. There are always challenges and confusions which leads to misdirection hence the failure of the employee engagement. The main cause of this is the lack of congruity when talking about the definition and also measurement of the employee engagement. Furthermore, there is also lack of clear distinction between employee engagement and other closely related concepts. This paper’s aim is to conduct an in depth analysis on the importance of engaging employees in any activities of a business activity. It will also give recommendations where the importance found from the managers who practice this will be given.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Lack of clear definition is one of the glaring issues that concern the concept of employee engagement. Different categories of individuals ranging academic researchers, corporations, practitioners and many more have extensive variations on how they give meanings. The harnessing of an organization’s member’s selves with aim of making them work their role; in engagement, people always express themselves physically, emotionally and cognitively during their role performance (Kahn, 1990).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   An organization which is always widely associated with employee engagement because of their best-selling book, First, Break all the Rules, The Gallup Organization, have a different definition. They define engaged employee as one who works with passion and feel a profound connection to the company he or she is working for and have a drive innovation to move the organization forward. Employee engagement may also be defined as a process through which an organization aims to increase commitment of its employees as well as continuation to aid in the achievement of superior results. This definition is according to the International Survey Research. This definition however looks at employees’ commitment in three different ways. They may include affective, cognitive, and lastly behavioural which incorporates actions, feelings and thoughts.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The last definition that is taken into consideration by this paper is the process of translating the employees’ potentials into the employee performance as well as business success.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   This as a result changes the ways in which employees perform their duty through utilizing the tools found within the armory of internal communication professional (Shaw, 2005).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Before indulging further into the issue of employee engagement, it’s prudent a proper understanding of how employee engagement measurement is done. There are reliable metrics that are used to measure the employee engagement despite the rational and emotional components available. There exists several survey instruments that have been used in measuring the employee engagement. This paper however uses the Q12 survey system which was developed by the Gallup Corporation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Q12 survey involves asking 12 questions which had strong linkages to high performance and measured how well the companies were meeting core requirements for the employees. According to this survey, a high score on the 12 items always reflected the underlying emotional engagement among the employees who took the survey. This engagement leads to improvement in business results, as well as increased levels of productivity, employee retention and profitability (Walker, 2012)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   When dealing with employee engagement, there are a number of related concepts which must be put into consideration. The four related areas with the employee engagement include organizational citizenship behaviour, job satisfaction, work engagement and organizational commitment. These four go hand in hand to ensure that proper understanding of the employee engagement as well as its importance.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Organizational citizenship behaviour for a long time has always been referred to as the extra role behaviour. The organizational citizenship behaviour can be defined as the behaviour of an individual which is not explicitly recognized by the formal reward system and in the end promotes the efficient and effective functioning of the organization concerned. Practically, the organizational citizenship behaviour improves efficiency and the effectiveness of an organization by supplying support to transformations, adaptations and innovations within the organization. Studying the organizational citizenship behaviour from a macro perspective, it’s found out that it helps to supply direct support to the organization and the individuals found in the organization. This indirectly supports the organization (Anderson Williams, 1991).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The organizational citizenship behaviour can be divided into many subcategories that gives a common dimension. The sub components includes self-development, organizational loyalty, sportsmanship, helping behaviour, civic virtue, individual initiative and organizational compliance. When a critical review is done on the definitions of the components mentioned above, it’s realized that their definitions is more or less the same as that of employee engagement. The helping behaviour talked about shows or implies an act of voluntary helping others and thus preventing the occurrence of any work related problem. Organizational loyalty on the other hand aims at remaining committed to an individual’s work even during tough situations.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   However, the component which tends to show strong relationship with the employee engagement is the individual initiative. It can be defined as the persistence one puts on a job with extra enthusiasm or it can be said to be volunteering to perform extra responsibilities as well as encouraging others within the same organization to follow suit (Podsakoff et al, 2000).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Job satisfaction, is also another concept related to the employee engagement. A number of scholars have tried to come up with a wholesome definition of job satisfaction. According to Brief and Weiss, 2002, they described it as pleasurable or the positive and emotional state that results from recognizing one’s job or the experience from the job. There existed a number of disagreements whether the initially presumed definition was the exact one. It was found that there were so many shortcomings with the Brief and Weiss definition. This made Weiss to modify the definition. Job satisfaction came to be described as the positive or negative evaluation that a person makes about his or her job situation (Weiss, 2002). From time to time, the definition has always updated so as to include a cognitive component in the measurement of job satisfaction.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Work engagement is the third component related to the employee engagement. Work engagement of employees measured or looked at into different categories. It involves vigor, absorption and dedication. Starting with vigour, it can be described as being fully charged with energy as well as resilience in job even during the days when nothing serious happens. Dedication involves one being proud of their work and getting convinced that whatever activity an individual undertakes is significant. Lastly, absorption as a concept means being carried away work to the extent that one forgets everything in the surrounding (Hallberg, 2005).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Lastly, the fourth concept related to the employee engagement is the organizational commitment. This concept entails the process that is gone through when obtaining the goals of an organization’s multiple constituencies. The goals ranges from a broad organizational goals and their values to a more specific formulation. Organizational commitment may also be defined as the willingness to persist in a course of action as well as the reluctance to change plans while keeping the main goal to stay on course. Both the definitions highlight the fact that people are committed to multiple entities. These multiple entities involve emotional and rational components (Vance, 2005). The emotional concept is defined as the positive feeling towards an entity while thee rational component means the state of being conscious as well as thoughtful in planning and executing actions that fulfill commitments.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Having dealt with that, it’s crucial that factors which keep employee engaged are looked into in details. There are three main vital ingredients that make employee engaged. First is the leadership of any particular business organization. The leaders any an organization must set standards that in terms of dedication and then rubs it off to the rest of the employees. The leaders must be able to make difficult decisions correctly and fairly. Furthermore, they should be competent and show consistency in whatever they do. In areas where this is not displayed by the leaders, the employee always feels looked and upon and as result they are always not engaged in whatever activity they undertake. The employees always talk and so poor leadership may be used as the stepping stone to quit any particular job. Good leadership makes an organization to have a very strong employee engagement hence better results (Taylor, 2014).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Secondly, communication and transparency is also a factor or an ingredient that may make your employee engaged or not. This factor however has been underestimated by many and taken for granted. Senior people in an organization always have a notion that employees concern themselves with earning their wages to a larger extent and care very little for other things (Taylor, 2014). The truth of the matter however is that large majority of employees put a lot of emphasis on whether they are regularly being kept in the loop. It always doesn’t matter to them whether it concerns their own development or big decisions of the organization. What actually matters is that it concerns everyone. Openness and good communication makes the employees to feel highly appreciated and hence part of the organization. They don’t feel detached. This makes the organization a better place to be in.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Lastly, enjoyment is also a key ingredient for engaging employees. The most important aspect of employee engagement is considering the fact that they are human beings. The organization does not run at a loss when they introduce elements of fun in the work place. The fun and enjoyment may range from a number of activities like a dress down party on Fridays, monthly trips, or any other thing that appeals to your employees.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The aim of such enjoyment is to make employees feel like they want to work. This will thus make them stay as long as they want. This is however not the case with many jobs. Not many employees always want to make their employees have fun. This makes people have negative attitude towards such jobs leading to very few people doing such jobs. On many occasions, work does not necessarily have to be done with a serious mood at all times. The only way an employer can make the employees feel engaged it to make them feel as if work is something that should be enjoyed rather than being a chore (Taylor, 2014).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It’s therefore clear that employee engagement can be grouped into two main broad categories or rather approach. There is the philosophical approach and the pragmatic approach. The philosophical approach deals with the management philosophy that are considered when making overall decisions of a human resource. The pragmatic approach on the other hand deals with the dedication programmes for employee engagement. Here, measurement of engagement is done. None of the approaches either is stated to provide a clear winner when trying to achieve an engaged work force (Shaw, 2005).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Having placed more emphasis on the engaged employees, it’s now prudent to talk about the disengaged employees. It’s documented that stress is one of the factors that can dislodge a highly engaged worker from conducting his or her duties without other workers or the organization getting aware of the in depth of the problem. Historically, many organizations have not done an in depth survey on how to deal with stress or other emotional problems.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The former acting manager of the Freddie Mae, David Kellerman, committed suicide due to stress April 22, 2009. His death was attributed to the organizations failure to respond to the signs he was showing. The government seized his company after running at a loss of $108 billion. The work environment was also stressing. As if that was not enough, he always received so much criticism from the media. All these prompted him to commit suicide. This is the worst that happens when employees are not engaged. Recommendations for managers   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   From the readings and research done, the following are some of the recommendations that ought to be considered by managers to ensure a proper way of promoting customer engagement.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The managers should take specific actions or steps to achieve success. While doing this, they must always remember that each and every company is unique and therefore the action they take should be specific to that particular company. The customers should always be provided with as much information as possible to help make them engaged.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The managers should always know the approach that their organization ought to take and why that approach is important. The employees should also be given the approach used by the organization. When this is done, it makes them know why it’s done. This makes them feel part and parcel of the organization and hence promotes the level of employee engagement. Mutual agreement should also be made with the employees. This makes them know what is expected of them.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Rechanneling of extensive time and resources should be done by the employers. This always forms the basis of creating a new employee engagement initiative. A company may be working on the already made initiatives. These initiatives may be giving forth good results. Coming up with a whole new initiative might lead to misdirection in a healthy focus which has been in existence for a long time and thus would lower the progress of a company. Engaging in such activities should be avoided at all cost. Conclusion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The concept of employee engagement is one that is very wide. The engagement of employees affects different levels of an organization ranging from micro and macro levels. So as to reduce the existing ambiguity when it comes to matters of the employee engagement, a lot more need to be done in this area. Any organization willing to get better results from applying the issue of employee engagement should do so with a lot of caution. Anything done be based on the strengths and weaknesses found, any related concept as well as all the unveiled fields in the issue of employee engagemen References (2006). Gallup Study: Engaged employees inspire company innovation. Gallup Management Journal, retrieved from http://gmj.gallup.com/content/defaut.aspx?ci=24880pg=1. Hagerty, J. Fields, G. (2009). A Fallen Mortgage Titan, Tragedy amid the Turmoil. Wall Street Journal 6- 5-2009 Hallberg, U. (2005). A thesis on fire: Studies of work engagement, type a behaviour and burnout. Department of Psychology, Stockhlom University, ISBN 91-7155-171-9 Podsakoff, P., Mackenzie, S., Paine, J., Bachrach, D. (2000). Organizational citizenship behavours: A critical review of the theoretical and Empirical literature suggestions for future research. Journal of Management, 26, 51, 1-56. Shaw, K. (2005). Employment engagement, how to build a high performance workforce. Journal on Human Resource, 0-9547741-3-2.Taylor, R. (2014). Maximising employee engagement. Journal of Leadership. 23-05, 47474 Walker, S. (2012). Employee engagement and communication research measurement, strategy and action. London: Kogan Page. Williams, L. Anderson, S. (1991). Job satisfaction and organizational commitment as predictors of organizational citizenship and in role behaviours. Journal of Management, 17, 3, 601-617 Source document

Community Essay examples -- Teaching Education

Community This article asks the question; why must schools invite the public to join the dialogue on public education? New structures and committees are being erected in communities across the nation to build stronger connections between schools, school boards, and communities. One such structure is a district advisory committee composed of community leaders. Its purpose is to improve the quality of communication between the school district and the community. It looked for ways to increase community ties to the schools, to make residents more aware of what was going on, and to gain community feedback. Though this committee in New Jersey has functioned well and is very supportive, an increasing concern is that divisions within the community might contaminate both the committee and school board. Schools and school boards need better communication from the community to better the efficiency of the schools. Community input plays a vital role in developing school goals. Students and parents have the most immediate stake in school quality, but the community also has significant interests in the schools. The public, or community, has an important role in public education. Three reasons arise as to why community involvement is essential for a stronger school system. First, only the community can create â€Å"public interest.† Without good communication on public interest, elected officials cannot properly determine what is best for both the schools and community. Se...

Macro Utiliized Within Microsoft

Microsoft Word is a program used in school or business to create, edit, print, and you can also publish documents to the internet or web. What you need is Microsoft Word however it comes in the MS Office package along with other software like Powering, Excel, etc. It is not going to cause you any additional problems. You will most likely need these other programs in college as well. You are mostly interested in Microsoft Word so let me explain some of the features of Microsoft Word.You will be able to: 1. Cutting, Coping and Pasting 2. Formatting text which Is used to adding colors, graphics also font size and type 3. Adding images or object and pictures from your computer or the web 4. Find, search and replace a single word or paragraphs within the document with ease 5. Bullets and Borders from with Word or online is available and can be used to decorate the document and any important points you want to make 6. Spelling and Grammar comes at great ease with this software 7.Document P rotection Is available and you an require a password and also have signature required 8. Also can be used to create letters and mailing envelopes This is among tons of other features that are available to you. If this conversation takes place over the phone I would use my customer service experience (friendly, courteous) to greet customer and start the conversation. I would give my name and politely ask for the customer name so I can address them by name for the rest of the call. It makes them feels comfortable.I would then thank them person for calling tech purport and asking how can I help them? One challenge would be that the customer has no Idea what I am talking about or no knowledge of Microsoft Word at all. In this Instance I would let the customer know they can call back for a tech or me to walk them through a training session. I can also email a video link to the customer to watch so they can get familiar with the software. I would clarify what the problem Is or any questio ns described by the customer, and answer accordingly.I do not assume there will be many problem on this call. This call Is an Informational call only and actually the sales rep would have gotten this call not tech support. There Is again no step-by-step process for this customer so this question does not apply. My alternative or follow up to all calls would be to send an email regarding Information discussed In the phone call. However, the customer can always vaults the website and browse through all of the same Information and read It at their own pace.Also, download the trial for the software and give It a try for free and get comfortable with he software before purchasing It of course. Macro Utilized Within Microsoft By Stationmaster 2. Formatting text which is used to adding colors, graphics also font size and type 3. Comes at great ease with this software 7. Document Protection is available and you has no idea what I am talking about or no knowledge of Microsoft Word at all. In this instance I would let the customer know they can call back for a tech or me to walk watch so they can get familiar with the software.I would clarify what the problem is assume there will be many problem on this call. This call is an informational call only and actually the sales rep would have gotten this call not tech support. There is again alternative or follow up to all calls would be to send an email regarding information discussed in the phone call. However, the customer can always visit the website and browse through all of the same information and read it at their own pace. Also, download the trial for the software and give it a try for free and get comfortable with the software before purchasing it of course.

An Essay

Even though Romans is not a complete worldview r a Christian worldview it certainly directs us in the right way of how we should view the world. What does Romans inform us regarding Creation When we look at Romans chapter 8: 19-25, believe here Paul is talking about Adam and Jesus. Everybody thinks that God knows everything going to happen, and the truth is I believe he knows. The one thing I really believe that God knows everything, but he does give us free choice and maybe just one time he's hoping he doesn't know that were going to, and maybe instead of choosing the wrong we would choose Him.The curse is Adam when he first mined not just for his self but also for every birth from then on. Jesus then comes as the sacrificial sheep. One man to curse all of mankind and one man to save all Of mankind. Natural Creation There is no doubt about finding God's creation in Romans. In chapter 1:20-21 proves of his existence and power, verse 20 states that since the creation of the world God' s invisible quality -his eternal power and divine nature. God has no doubt that this is his creation and God is always made himself available to us. God created verse man and woman to have a natural relationship, which man and woman.Man started to make idols out of gold, of birds and animals and reptiles. Man's heart was not in the right place for the creator it was for sinful lust, since their heart was not right with God and instead had all this unnatural lusts God let it happen. Men started having sex with men and even their women was having sex with other women. Their acts were unnatural from one God one God wanted of the most one man one woman until the end of time. Sins in Roman Sin is mention several times in Romans, Paul tells us that we all have sin and we all fall short of the glory of God.Paul also explained to us that through the away no one will be saved, but the law lets us recognize what sin is. 6:23 tells us that that the punishment for sin is death. Whereas if we el ect to serve Jesus, we are promised eternal life. This is a condition that cannot be fixed by any man, that only Jesus dying on the cross for us was the only way we as mortal humans and sinful by nature could be saved. Salvation In Romans Paul talked to us about salvation and the only way that we could ever be saved with salvation was through Jesus dying on the cross for us.We know that Jesus was a descendent of David, and the one thing that he as supposed to do was to be the sacrificial sheep for our sins. So without Jesus we would never found salvation because we were not covered under the first covenant, but under the new covenant we were accepted because Jesus gave his life for us. So this was the nature and mission of Jesus Christ and justification by faith is believing and Jesus the son of God. Because of our faith and our believe Christ the moment that we accepted Jesus we were given the Holy Spirit which would sanctify us and give us empowerment to do the things that Jesus d id himself.Eschatology In Romans 5:20 we see were Paul is saying that because of the law being added was so that basically trespasses might increase. You would think of Paul is against on is that we have no hope, but he is also that were sin increases grace will increase also. God has new mercies for us every day in new Hope always be there no matter what we've done we can go and repented God because Jesus made a way for us to live that one day we may have eternal life. When we look at Romans 8:18-25 Paul is telling us that we should not compare are suffering to the glory that will be ours when the time moms.The glory Will be greater than any suffering we have ever been subject to. Romans 13:11-14 Paul is telling us that our Christian worldview and the obedience that we have Jesus through our faith one day we will be victorious against Satan, death and sin Ethics In Romans 8:8-21 we will find that Paul bases the ethics on love. In verse eight Paul is telling us that no matter what w e do we need to do it cheerfully, delicately and we need to show mercy follows is all up in nine telling us that love must be since. That anything evil we should hate, we should cling to what is good.And the next versus is instructed how we should, and we should never commit adultery we should always respect with love. Chapter 8 sums up the things that we should do we love and not be afraid to do them. Theology There are several verses in here were Paul talks about God even though his letter is non-about God its more about justification. When we look at 1:17 here Paul is trying to tell us that there is a righteousness that is revealed from God. Paul states it is from first to last the righteousness will live by faith.

Hope this helps! Essays

Hope this helps! Essays Hope this helps! Essay Hope this helps! Essay Hope this helps! Good luck with your essay, as of right now, the text below is 917 words. I know you were looking for more, but I do not know specific terminology for things, so I gave you an outline so you could add your own ideas and terms on the test.Thanks,GinaOperations strategy:Â   It would be logical to use the machines to their full ability. This can be done by using the 5 big chain machines to do just that and to use the other machines to create the other smaller sizes. Since there are 25 machines left to work on the small chains, and only 5 sizes that need to be produced, each size will be made on 5 machines. When demand goes up for one size and down for another, the machines will be altered as such. It is key in this business to monitor the supply and demand curves and to attempt to keep up with the equilibrium. Using the machines in this way will cause maximum efficiency while still maintaining the quality of the product that the company is so beneficial from. As for the brass, steel and stainless steel issue, it is best to assign one machine of the 5 sizes to each material. Then, once again based on demand, the other 2 available machines will produce the most in demand chain.Capacity Management: Clearly, the capacity of the company is key to its success. All other companies can gradually meet the quality and price, but if the company continues producing the chains quickly (having a quick turn around on orders) they will continue to succeed. If the operations strategy is maintained and then the following mechanical plan is followed, it is safe to say that the company will stay ahead of the curve, unless some unforeseen thing happens. The maintenance would have to start out as a complete maintenance of all of the machines. Then, to prevent a slip in the maintenance, every employee at the beginning of their shift will look over the machines and look for any problems. At that point, if they notice a problem, they will report it to the right people and the problem will get fixed before it becomes a major problem. The employees will also observe the quality of the chains as they are produced and the instant that they notice something is wrong with the quality, they will report it and the problem causing the lack in quality will be fixed. This immediate response will ensure the minimal impact on the capacity of the machines and the manufacturing.Quality management and improvement: As stated above, the employees will need to be observant of the quality of the product. With this process in effect, the quality of the chains can be maintained and possibly improved (since the machines will be better monitored and maintained, it will be less likely that the quality will be sacrificed). Since the quality generally goes down when the machines are not working properly, and the machines are going to be better maintained, the quality is more likely to be sustained.Process Design and Improvement: This section is detailed in the operations stra tegy section. It is the best design to use all the machines in a logical pattern consistently. When the demand goes up for one type of the chain, the project manager can then slightly alter the machine’s production so that the demand for the product can be met. Instead of the project manager wasting his time counting stock, he should be keeping track of the progress in a chart or table of some sort. He should also be informed of any issues in the production that cause any change in the normal level of production so that he can modify the production of the various machines to keep up with the demand. Since there is a huge amount of chain waiting to be plated, it should be done. It is only taking up more space. To maximize the turn around, the plated chain should then be sold with some sort of deal to save money.This way, the chain gets sold, the production and storage can continue without much of a snag. Also, since the chain would be slightly discounted, buyers may find a rea son to buy the chain, even if they didn’t have one before they contacted you. If there is a modest stock of every type of chain in the storage, it would be easier for the delivery time to remain relatively short. For larger orders, the delivery time will obviously be delayed slightly, but with a stock of all of the products, it is easy to still maintain a quick delivery time for smaller orders while the larger orders are filled. By keeping a stock of all the products on hand, the production is indirectly being predicted. It is better to have some on hand then try to keep up with demand that can fluctuate at any minute. It would be good, while beginning to implement this plan, to hire on temp staff to get things going. The temp staff can be trained to monitor machines for problems and also to monitor the quality of the product. Both of these tasks free up the actual workforce for more pressing issues. Also, these tasks ensure that nothing is sacrificed for anything else (quali ty for quantity).Production Planning: Overall, the best solution for the ideal manufacturing plan is to use all of the machines, designate them as specific machines, and monitor them as they produce chain to ensure quality and speed. The machines must also be regularly maintained (as in once a month, a full blown inspection and maintenance) to also help diminish the possibility of sacrificing cost, quality or delivery time due to mechanical error or malfunctions.

17th Century English Theater

This paper discusses playhouses and theaters in England in the 17th century. The paper shows that the English stage during the late 17th century was a time of rebuilding, and also a time of creation. There were many different ideas on what theater should be and it was very common for one person to have an idea, and as soon as it was known, opposing ideas were quickly published, followed by various defenses of the original idea. The paper discusses several people who were well known for their opinions from that time period, including Jeremy Collier, John Dryden, Alexander Pope, William Congreve and William Stubbs. When the Stuart Dynasty returned to the throne of England in 1660, the playhouses were reopened. In August, Charles II issued patents for two companies of players, and performances immediately began. However, theater had evolved a bit. The Royalty and the Nobility, as well as a few independent companies now owned theatrical troupes. Often the ones that had permanent theaters such as Convent Garden, Drury Lane and Dorset Garden had Noble backers to provide for the upkeep. Costumes were often second hand garments that the nobility no longer desired. Slowly the better-kept theaters became places to see and be seen. Often what was going on in the auditorium was just as much, or more interesting then what was on stage. The style of the play writing was of a lesser form then that of the Elizabethan plays. It frequently utilized stereotypes and stock characters.

COPD Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

COPD - Essay Example While a serious condition, it is a preventable and treatable condition. The disease progresses irreversibly, thus it is necessary to prevent and manage COPD. The patient in this case of COPD is Maggie, a previous smoker who was diagnosed with mild COPD. In order for Maggie to understand the causes and the management of COPD, she must be informed of the prevalence, risk factors, management and therapeutic option for the disease. The information she will gain will help her to prevent the chances of her disease progressing to a more severe stage, and will help her to understand why she has to take certain medications. Prevalence of COPD In 2000, 2.7 million deaths were attributed to COPD, with majority of the deaths occurring in the Western Pacific Region, China included. In developed and industrialized countries, COPD is to blame for 400,000 deaths (Lopez, et al., 2006). Moreover, in North America 3-4% of adults have COPD. It is estimated that 15-25% of persons forty years old and olde r have stage 1 mild COPD or airflow limitation. Since smoking was identified to be the biggest risk factor in COPD, the prevalence of COPD is much higher in smokers and ex-smokers in the 40 and above age group compared to younger individuals. COPD is also more prevalent in men than women (Lopez, et al., 2006), but this observation could be due to the higher number of male smokers. However, as the number of women smokers increase, so did the number of female deaths attributable to COPD (Ronnenberg, 2010). Risk factors for COPD Smoking cigarettes comprise the most important risk factor for COPD. Cigarette smoking is responsible for 80%-90% cases of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Frequent exposure to second-and smoke also increases the risk of having COPD. However, not all smokers will develop COPD, suggesting that environmental factors and genetic make-up contribute to its prevalence. As an example, COPD has been observed to be more common in whites despite the high number of smokers in the black population. It has also been shown that one type of emphysema is due to the deficiency of alpha-1-protease inhibitor (also known as alpha-1-antitrypsin, or AAT). This genetic defect affects approximately 70,000 Americans and accounts for 1%-3% of COPD cases (Sandford and Silverman, 2002). Another factor that can increase the risk for COPD is a history of childhood lung diseases, which can result in scarring of lungs and reduction of elasticity of the lungs. Exposure to gases, chemical and dust also increase the risk of COPD, and can lead to worsening of the condition, if an individual already has COPD (Ronnenberg, 2010). A study shows that exposure to wood smoke or charcoal smoke is highly related t the development of COPD. This is a common risk factor in developing countries and in Europe where wood or charcoal is used to fuel wood-based ovens (Orozco-Levi, et al., 2006). Stages of COPD severity The severity of COPD is classified by measuring the lung function level using spirometry. This is the process of measuring the breath of an individual. Among the Pulmonary Function Tests, spirometry is the most common. It measures the lung function by measuring the amount (volume) and speed (flow) of air that can be inhaled and exhaled. Spirometry is helpful in the assessment of COPD, asthma, pulmonary fibrosis, and cystic fibrosis (Barreiro and Perillo, 2004). After conducting the initial spirometric test, a bronchodilator is administered. After this, a new round of tests is